Because GU cancer is a term that includes several different cancers, the symptoms for each can vary widely. Prostate cancer, rarely present early symptoms but if you have bladder cancer, you may see early symptoms, such as pain when urinating, or blood in your urine. Penile, kidney and testicular cancer will present with symptoms as well.

While risk factors vary based on the type of cancer, family history and smoking may play a role in many GU cancers.

These below the belt cancers can differ widely and treatment strategies are adjusted to each patient and determined by a multidisciplinary team of cancer specialists.

The type of treatment you will receive will depend on the type of cancer you have. Your team of cancer experts will work closely with you to determine the best form of treatment.

• Chemotherapy to kill cancer cells or stop their growth
• Hormone therapy to reduce the hormones that help cancer cells grow
• Immune therapy to increase the body’s ability to fight cancer
• Radiation therapy to kill cancer cells using radiation
• Surgery to remove the tumour or affected organs
• Targeted therapy to destroy specifically targeted cancer cells
• Clinical trial encompassing one or several of the treatments above